They include classical tales of adventure, magic and wealth set among exotic Eastern settings with harems, bazaars and luxurious palaces.
The stories from “Arabian Nights” remain popular today. Sir Richard Francis Burton: one of the English translators of Arabian Nights The English version of the “Scented Garden Men's Hearts to Gladden”, he wrote would be "a marvelous repository of eastern wisdom: how eunuchs are made and married.female circumcision, the fellahs copulating with crocodiles."
In his 16-volume translation of “The Arabian Nights”, Burton provided footnoted information on Muslim customs such as female circumcision, homosexuality and bestiality. In the 19th century, English translations of “Arabian Nights” were produced by Edward William Lane, John Paye and Sir Richard Burton. Galland’s stories became popular but his translations were never completed. Among those that read early editions were Hans Christian Anderson and Johann Goethe. More interest was taken in the book after Europeans became more interested in the Middle East and Charles Perrault published his book of fairy tales. The other 800-including Sinbad and Aladdin-were collected through contacts in the Middle East.Įarly manuscripts were translated into German and Dutch but were not widely read and dismissed as mere folk tales. Around 200 were from the Arabic version of the book. The first tales from “Arabian Nights” formally reached the West in 1704 by way of Syria through French storyteller and orientalist Antoine Galland, who published a 12-volume “ Les Mille et Ue Nuits” with 1,000 stories between 17. A great patron of the arts, Harun loved the stories and storytellers flattered him by making him a central character of many of the stories, often as a ruler traveling in disguises among his subjects. 8th century, stories of “Thousand and One Nights” were introduced to the court of Harun al-Rashid, the Caliph of Baghdad and one the greatest rulers during the Arab Golden Age. Other stories are probably of Chinese, Japanese and Egyptian origin. The tales of animals and beasts are thought to have come from India. The fairy tales of Thousand and One Nights are believed to be mostly of Persian origin. “The Arabian Nights Entertainments,” translated by Andrew Lang
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“The Arabian Nights,” translated by Sir Richard Francis Burton, full text on Sacred Texts and Thousand and One Nights wollamshram.ca/1001 īook of the Thousand Nights and a Night, Burton, Persian Literature & Poetry at / Arabic Poetry Īrabic Poetry from Princeton /~arabic/poetry Persian literature at Encyclopædia Britannica Wikipedia article on Persian Literature Wikipedia Wikipedia article on Arabic Literature Wikipedia Wikipedia article on Islamic Literature Wikipedia Islamic and Arabic Literature at Cornell University /ArabicLiterature Internet Islamic History Sourcebook /halsall/islam/islamsbook Websites and Resources: Islamic, Arabic and Persian Literature RUMI AND THE WHIRLING DERVISHES ĪL-GHAZALI (1058-1111): THE GREAT MUSLIM WRITER AND THEOLOGIAN AND DEFINER OF SUNNI ISLAM See Separate Articles: ARAB-MUSLIM POEMS PERSIAN POETS The Middle Easter scholar Edward Said has accused European translations of the stories as being the source of many of the stereotypes and misconceptions about Arabs and Muslims. Arabic manuscripts that have survived from this period contain about 200 stories. Up until the Middle Ages the stories continued to be passed on orally, with different storytellers telling different stories, and did not take their present form until around 1400 when Egyptian scholars began writing the stories down. No original or authoritative copy of Thousand and One Nights exists. There are said to be a core of 270 tales with thousands of others that show up in different editions an collections. It is said that nobody can read all of “Arabian Nights” without dying. Most translations and collections are mere samples of the entire book.
The most famous book in Arabic literature is “Arabian Nights,” a collection of stories that may have descended from an old Persian book called “Thousand and One Nights.” No one knows where the stories originally came or when they were first told. From Arabian Nights: The Husband and the Parrot
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